to their knowledge—fig leaves and all. Second, Calvin pointed out that the church must always be aware that Satan wishes to confuse our thinking. We have an intellectual enemy whom we ignore at our peril. Third, we must recognize that God, for the protection of his own character, judges our minds in such a way that he gives us over to ignorance and falsehood. This is seen most crucially and centrally in idolatry. What are the effects of sin and the fall upon our intellect? First, our reason is now